Thyroid parafollicular cell hyperplasia and carcinoma in a sheep with enzootic calcinosis due to Nierembergia rivularis poisoning / [Hiperplasia e carcinoma de células parafoliculares da tireóide em ovino com calcinose enzoótica associada a intoxicação por Nierembergia rivularis]

Calcinose enzoótica, causada por Nierembergia rivularis, no Uruguai, e Nierembergia veitchii, no Brasil, é uma doença caracterizada por mineralização de tecidos moles, hiperplasia das células parafoliculares da tireoide e elevação nos níveis de cálcio e fósforo. Descreve-se um caso de hiperplasia e carcinoma de células parafoliculares bilateral em um ovino de quatro anos, com calcinose enzoótica associada à intoxicação por Nierembergia rivularis. O diagnóstico histológico de hiperplasia e carcinoma de células parafoliculares é suportado pelas marcações imuno-histoquímicas positivas para calcitonina, peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina e enolase neurônio específica. Como a hiperplasia de células parafoliculares é uma lesão pré-neoplásica induzida por hipercalcemia, sugere-se que a hipercalcemia crônica causada pela intoxicação por N. rivularis pode ter induzido hiperplasia de células parafoliculares seguida de transformação em carcinoma, neste caso. Os efeitos carcinogênicos das plantas calcinogênicas no sistema endócrino devem ser melhor explorados.(AU)

Programa de Promoción y Educación para la Salud Bucal, Destinado a Niños y Adolescentes Hospitalizados / Oral Health Education and Promotion Program for Hospitalized Children and Adolescents

La enfermedad sistémica es uno de los riesgos asociados al desarrollo de enfermedades bucales. Este programa fue orientado a promover la salud bucal de niños y adolescentes internados en la clínica de la cátedra de Pediatría del Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín". Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal sobre una muestra de 1140 individuos registrados entre los años 2008 y 2018. El objetivo fue analizar las variables que afectan su salud bucal. Para ello, cursantes de la Carrera de especialización en Odontopediatría de la UBA implementaron semanalmente un Programa de Promoción y Educación para la salud bucal, destinado a niños internados y sus acompañantes. Para el registro de caries se utilizó el Índice de Necesidad de Tratamiento comunitario (INTc), se analizó la dieta, el riesgo social y la presencia o no de cepillo dental. Se realizó prueba de Chi cuadrado para la comparación de las variables cualitativas, cálculo de medias, rangos, porcentajes y desvíos. Como resultado se observaron diferencias significativas del INTc en los pacientes con dieta cariogénica entre los distintos grupos de edad. El coeficiente asociado a la dieta es aproximadamente 5 veces mayor que el asociado al uso de cepillo. El INTc evidenció una media en preescolares de 2.45 con DS 2.47, en escolares de 4.59 con DS de 3.33 y en adolescentes fue de 4.02 con DS de 3.15. En conclusión, la salud bucal no está separada de la salud general, por lo que se destaca la necesidad de incorporar al odontólogo dentro del grupo interdisciplinario que atiende a niños hospitalizados. La dieta cariogénica fue la covariables con mayor efecto y luego el uso de cepillo dental (AU)

Salivary pH changes during soft drinks consumption in children.

UNLABELLED: Dental erosion seems to have increased, perhaps partly as a result of an increase in the consumption of soft drinks. AIM: The aim of this study was to measure salivary pH, flow rate and buffering capacity before and after soft drinks intake in children with erosive lesions and to compare these to equivalent values for healthy caries-free individuals. DESIGN: The study was conducted as a case-control study using standard salivary tests. Thirty children with erosion and 30 age and sex-matched children free from erosion and active caries were included in this study. METHODS: Salivary flow rate was measured through expectoration into a graduated tube, salivary buffering capacity through colourimetric procedures and salivary pH using a digital pH meter. RESULTS: Results showed significant differences between cases and controls for salivary pH, flow rate, buffering capacity, maximum pH drop and minimum pH reached after soft drinks intake. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that all the factors studied are involved in dental erosion and that preventive care is mandatory for children who frequently drink these kinds of beverages.

Compliance with medical and dental treatments in children and adolescents renal transplant patients.

In recent years, the number of pediatric organ transplants has increased. As the life expectancy of pediatric transplant recipients continues to rise the number of transplant children visiting dental clinics increases accordingly. These patients need medical and dental treatment for life due to the kind of medication they take and its effects on the oral cavity. However, satisfactory compliance with medical treatment has not been reported. We analyze the degree of association between compliance with medical/dental treatments, biological variables (age and number of transplant surgeries) and social-economical variables (family type, schooling, place of residence and economical status) in infant and adolescent renal transplant patients, in a retrospective descriptive study. 74 infant and adolescent renal transplant patients aged 16.7 +/- 1.23 years were studied. Information on age, time in dialysis treatment, time since the transplant surgery, number of transplants, social-economical status, parents' schooling, family type, place of residence and compliance with prescribed treatment was collected from clinical records and guided questionnaires. Tables of contingence for Chi square test were constructed for all variables to test association among them. The statistical analysis showed that compliance with both medical and dental treatments were positively associated with family type and schooling. Association with place of residence and economical status was not observed. No association was observed with age and number of transplants. Pediatric transplant patients who live in unsupportive homes and whose parents' schooling is poor, are a vulnerable group which should be periodically motivated to promote satisfactory compliance with the prescribed treatment.

Compliance with medical and dental treatments in children and adolescents renal transplant patients

In recent years, the number of pediatric organ transplants has increased. As the life expectancy of pediatric transplant recipients continues to rise the number of transplant children visiting dental clinics increases accordingly. These patients need medical and dental treatment for life due to the kind of medication they take and its effects on the oral cavity. However, satisfactory compliance with medical treatment has not been reported. We analyze the degree of association between compliance with medical/dental treatments, biological variables (age and number of transplant surgeries) and social-economical variables (family type, schooling, place of residence and economical status) in infant and adolescent renal transplant patients, in a retrospective descriptive study. 74 infant and adolescent renal transplant patients aged 16.7 +/- 1.23 years were studied. Information on age, time in dialysis treatment, time since the transplant surgery, number of transplants, social-economical status, parents’ schooling, family type, place of residence and compliance with prescribed treatment was collected from clinical records and guided questionnaires. Tables of contingence for Chi square test were constructed for all variables to test association among them. The statistical analysis showed that compliance with both medical and dental treatments were positively associated with family type and schooling. Association with place of residence and economical status was not observed. No association was observed with age and number of transplants. Pediatric transplant patients who live in unsupportive homes and whose parents’ schooling is poor, are a vulnerable group which should be periodically motivated to promote satisfactory compliance with the prescribed treatment.

Compliance with medical and dental treatments in children and adolescents renal transplant patients.

In recent years, the number of pediatric organ transplants has increased. As the life expectancy of pediatric transplant recipients continues to rise the number of transplant children visiting dental clinics increases accordingly. These patients need medical and dental treatment for life due to the kind of medication they take and its effects on the oral cavity. However, satisfactory compliance with medical treatment has not been reported. We analyze the degree of association between compliance with medical/dental treatments, biological variables (age and number of transplant surgeries) and social-economical variables (family type, schooling, place of residence and economical status) in infant and adolescent renal transplant patients, in a retrospective descriptive study. 74 infant and adolescent renal transplant patients aged 16.7 +/- 1.23 years were studied. Information on age, time in dialysis treatment, time since the transplant surgery, number of transplants, social-economical status, parents schooling, family type, place of residence and compliance with prescribed treatment was collected from clinical records and guided questionnaires. Tables of contingence for Chi square test were constructed for all variables to test association among them. The statistical analysis showed that compliance with both medical and dental treatments were positively associated with family type and schooling. Association with place of residence and economical status was not observed. No association was observed with age and number of transplants. Pediatric transplant patients who live in unsupportive homes and whose parents schooling is poor, are a vulnerable group which should be periodically motivated to promote satisfactory compliance with the prescribed treatment.

Barnices y adhesivos en el sellado de restauraciones con amalgama de plata / [Varnishes and adhesives in the seal of silver amalgam restorations]

The object of this paper is to evaluate the marginal filtration occurring between restoration/teeth in cavities filled with silver alloy when using different cavity varnish and adhesives. In 50 teeth removed as a result of decay, cavities were prepaired on vestibular faces and were divided into 5 equal groups: Group A: with no caviti varnish; Group B: two coats of a linkin agent (Scotch Bond 3M); Group C: an amalgam liner base (Voco); Group D; two coats of copal varnish: Group E: an amalgam bond base (Carl San Remo, Germany). All groups were filled with a silver alloy. The teeth were inmersed in a fuchsin solution at different temperatures (17.37 degrees C and 50 degrees C) for 20 minutes. Longitudinal cuts were made for visualization under a stereoscopic magnifying glass. Each group was observed by five odontologists and was classified according to four categories: Grade I: no filtration: Grade II: less than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade III: more than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade IV: filtration in walls and floor. Teeth with pulp filtration were discarded. Total and percentage values were determined for each analysed group. The results revealed that: Group A: 100

of samples corresponds to Grade IV. Group B: 40

of sample falls within Grade II while the rest corresponds to the highest grade. Group C: 30

belongs to Grade II, 60

to Grade III and the remaining 10

falls within Grade I, while the remaining 20

correspond to Grades III and IV, respectively. Group E: 50

for Grade I and the rest in Grade II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Varnishes and adhesives in the seal of silver amalgam restorations]. / Barnices y adhesivos en el sellado de restauraciones con amalgama de plata.

The object of this paper is to evaluate the marginal filtration occurring between restoration/teeth in cavities filled with silver alloy when using different cavity varnish and adhesives. In 50 teeth removed as a result of decay, cavities were prepaired on vestibular faces and were divided into 5 equal groups: Group A: with no caviti varnish; Group B: two coats of a linkin agent (Scotch Bond 3M); Group C: an amalgam liner base (Voco); Group D; two coats of copal varnish: Group E: an amalgam bond base (Carl San Remo, Germany). All groups were filled with a silver alloy. The teeth were inmersed in a fuchsin solution at different temperatures (17.37 degrees C and 50 degrees C) for 20 minutes. Longitudinal cuts were made for visualization under a stereoscopic magnifying glass. Each group was observed by five odontologists and was classified according to four categories: Grade I: no filtration: Grade II: less than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade III: more than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade IV: filtration in walls and floor. Teeth with pulp filtration were discarded. Total and percentage values were determined for each analysed group. The results revealed that: Group A: 100% of samples corresponds to Grade IV. Group B: 40% of sample falls within Grade II while the rest corresponds to the highest grade. Group C: 30% belongs to Grade II, 60% to Grade III and the remaining 10% to Grade IV; Group D: 30% falls within Grade I, while the remaining 20% and 50% correspond to Grades III and IV, respectively. Group E: 50% for Grade I and the rest in Grade II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Barnices y adhesivos en el sellado de restauraciones con amalgama de plata. / [Varnishes and adhesives in the seal of silver amalgam restorations]

The object of this paper is to evaluate the marginal filtration occurring between restoration/teeth in cavities filled with silver alloy when using different cavity varnish and adhesives. In 50 teeth removed as a result of decay, cavities were prepaired on vestibular faces and were divided into 5 equal groups: Group A: with no caviti varnish; Group B: two coats of a linkin agent (Scotch Bond 3M); Group C: an amalgam liner base (Voco); Group D; two coats of copal varnish: Group E: an amalgam bond base (Carl San Remo, Germany). All groups were filled with a silver alloy. The teeth were inmersed in a fuchsin solution at different temperatures (17.37 degrees C and 50 degrees C) for 20 minutes. Longitudinal cuts were made for visualization under a stereoscopic magnifying glass. Each group was observed by five odontologists and was classified according to four categories: Grade I: no filtration: Grade II: less than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade III: more than 1/3 wall filtration; Grade IV: filtration in walls and floor. Teeth with pulp filtration were discarded. Total and percentage values were determined for each analysed group. The results revealed that: Group A: 100

of samples corresponds to Grade IV. Group B: 40

of sample falls within Grade II while the rest corresponds to the highest grade. Group C: 30

belongs to Grade II, 60

to Grade III and the remaining 10

to Grade IV; Group D: 30

falls within Grade I, while the remaining 20

and 50

correspond to Grades III and IV, respectively. Group E: 50

for Grade I and the rest in Grade II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adhesión de nuevos materiales dentales en dientes primarios con fluorosis / Adhesion of new dental materials im primary teeth with fluorosis

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la adhesión a la resistencia traccional de una resina reforzada y un cemento de ionómero vítreo a dientes primarios fluorados, a fin de tomar decisiones sobre el uso de materiales dentales adhesivos en zonas con alto contenido de fluor en el agua. Ochenta dientes primarios extraídos por caries se agruparon en: Grupo A (control) sin flúor en el agua y Grupo B: con un tenor de flúor en el agua de 0.8 a pp.m. Ambos grupos fueron divididos en 4 subgrupos y tratados de la misma forma: Se prepararon superficies planas a iguales niveles sobre esmalte (Grupo Aa y Ba) y dentina (grupos Ab y Bb). Sobre esas superficies se confeccionaron probetas cilíndricas de 3.6 mm. de diámetro con resinas compuestas y técnica de grabado ácido (grupo Aa1 y Ba1), con resina compuesta y agente de enlace (grupo Ab1 y Bb1) y con cemento de ionómero vítreo (grupos Aa2, Ab2, Bb2, Ba2). 24 hs. después de inmersión en agua a 37§C se determinó la resistencia de la unión por tracción. El análisis estadístico mostró: Grupo Aa1: x 5.90 y de 1.88; Grupo Ba1: x 6.85 ds. 0.24; Grupo Ab1: x 5.56 ds 0.67; Grupo Bb1: x 1.21 ds 0.22; Grupo Aa2: x 1.23 ds 0.32; Grupo Ba2: x 1.78 ds 0.5; Grupo Ab2: x 0.58 ds 0.08; Grupo Bb2: x 0.68 ds 0.28. No se encontró diferencias significativas entre los grupos Aa1, Aa2 y Ba2, Ab2 y Bb2; hubo diferencias significativas entre Ab1 y Bb1. En dientes de áreas con alto contenido de flúor es posible alcanzar valores de adhesión equivalentes a los de zonas sin flúor en las aguas

Adhesión de nuevos materiales dentales en dientes primarios con fluorosis / Adhesion of new dental materials im primary teeth with fluorosis

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la adhesión a la resistencia traccional de una resina reforzada y un cemento de ionómero vítreo a dientes primarios fluorados, a fin de tomar decisiones sobre el uso de materiales dentales adhesivos en zonas con alto contenido de fluor en el agua. Ochenta dientes primarios extraídos por caries se agruparon en: Grupo A (control) sin flúor en el agua y Grupo B: con un tenor de flúor en el agua de 0.8 a pp.m. Ambos grupos fueron divididos en 4 subgrupos y tratados de la misma forma: Se prepararon superficies planas a iguales niveles sobre esmalte (Grupo Aa y Ba) y dentina (grupos Ab y Bb). Sobre esas superficies se confeccionaron probetas cilíndricas de 3.6 mm. de diámetro con resinas compuestas y técnica de grabado ácido (grupo Aa1 y Ba1), con resina compuesta y agente de enlace (grupo Ab1 y Bb1) y con cemento de ionómero vítreo (grupos Aa2, Ab2, Bb2, Ba2). 24 hs. después de inmersión en agua a 37ºC se determinó la resistencia de la unión por tracción. El análisis estadístico mostró: Grupo Aa1: x 5.90 y de 1.88; Grupo Ba1: x 6.85 ds. 0.24; Grupo Ab1: x 5.56 ds 0.67; Grupo Bb1: x 1.21 ds 0.22; Grupo Aa2: x 1.23 ds 0.32; Grupo Ba2: x 1.78 ds 0.5; Grupo Ab2: x 0.58 ds 0.08; Grupo Bb2: x 0.68 ds 0.28. No se encontró diferencias significativas entre los grupos Aa1, Aa2 y Ba2, Ab2 y Bb2; hubo diferencias significativas entre Ab1 y Bb1. En dientes de áreas con alto contenido de flúor es posible alcanzar valores de adhesión equivalentes a los de zonas sin flúor en las aguas (AU)